
Investigating fundamental questions in theoretical physics
The Ordinal Research Institute is a nonprofit organization that supports research on geometric models of quantum mechanics.
Our Research
Knot Physics
The Ordinal Research Institute conducts foundational research in theoretical physics, with a particular focus on Knot Physics—a geometric model of quantum mechanics.
Knot Physics assumes that spacetime is a branched 4-dimensional manifold. Quantum and classical properties emerge from the geometric and stochastic properties of the branches.
Featured Papers
Finite path integrals on stochastic branched structures
Roukaya Dekhil, Clifford Ellgen, & Bruno Klajn
In this paper, we present a statistical model of spacetime trajectories based on a finite collection of paths organized into a branched manifold. For each configuration of the branched manifold, we define a Shannon entropy. Given the variational nature of both the action in physics and the entropy in statistical mechanics, we explore the hypothesis that the classical action is proportional to this entropy. Under this assumption, we derive a Wick-rotated version of the path integral that remains finite and exhibits both quantum interference at the microscopic level and classical determinism at the macroscopic scale. In effect, this version of the path integral differs from the standard one because it assigns weights of non-uniform magnitude to different paths. The model suggests that wave function collapse can be interpreted as a consequence of entropy maximization. Although still idealized, this framework provides a possible route toward unifying quantum and classical descriptions within a common finite-entropy structure.
Preprint
Incorporating Gravity into the Path Integral of Quantum Mechanics Using the Thermodynamics of Spacetime
Garrett Biehle, Clifford Ellgen, Bassem Sabra, & Sebastian Zając
We use principles from the thermodynamics of spacetime to modify the path integral of quantum mechanics. Entropy of the vacuum is interpreted as microstates that correspond to the measure of the path integral. The result is a contribution to the action that is proportional to the Einstein-Hilbert action. Because the contribution is real, not imaginary, it is unlikely to cause convergence problems. Paths that minimize the Einstein-Hilbert action make the largest contribution to the path integral, implying that the maximum likelihood paths are solutions of the Einstein equation.
Preprint
Recent Seminar
Particle Knots and Entropic Dynamics
This one-hour talk hosted by Information Physics Institute (IPI) summarizes key results from Knot Physics, a geometric approach to quantum gravity developed by physicists from the Ordinal Research Institute.
Presentation by Cliff Ellgen, Lead Researcher at the Ordinal Research Institute

Our Team

Cliff Ellgen
President and Director of Research
B.S. in Mathematics, Caltech

Dominique Kang
Managing Director
B.S. in Economics, Arizona State University

Garrett Biehle
Researcher
Ph.D. in Physics, Caltech

Bruno Klajn
Researcher
Zagreb School of Economics and Management
Ph.D. in Physics, University of Zagreb

Bassem Sabra
Researcher
Notre Dame University–Louaize
Ph.D. in Astrophysics, Ohio University

Sebastian Zając
Researcher
SGH Warsaw School of Economics
Ph.D. in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice